Project management is organized into how many process groups?

• A. Three
• B. Five
• C. Seven
• D. None of the above

Answer: (B)

Understanding project management hinges on recognizing its five process groups: initiating, planning, executing, monitoring and controlling, and closing. This framework guides a project from authorization through detailed planning, then actual work, while continuously tracking progress and making adjustments as needed, and finally wrapping up and evaluating outcomes. The groups aren’t strictly sequential; activities can repeat or loop back as new information arises, which is a natural part of managing real projects. Since this five-group structure is the standard model taught in most curricula, five is the correct count. Three would miss essential phases, seven would go beyond the common framework, and none of the above would be incorrect.